Improved Solubility and Dissolution Rate of Ketoprofen by the Formation of Multicomponent Crystals with Tromethamine

This study aims to improve the dissolution rate of ketoprofen by preparing multicomponent crystals with tromethamine. The (equimolar ratio) and tromethamine were prepared solvent co-evaporation method. solid-state properties resulting powder characterized X-ray diffraction, DSC thermal analysis, FT–IR spectroscopy, solubility, in vitro rate. crystal structure was determined single-crystal diffraction analysis. results showed that pattern ketoprofen–tromethamine binary system different from starting materials. difference indicates formation a new crystalline phase between ratio). thermogram exhibited single sharp endothermic peak at 128.67 °C, attributed melting point ketoprofen–tromethamine. A analysis revealed formed layered structure, salt-type crystal. solubility notably enhanced compared intact ketoprofen. forms crystals, which can significantly increase